About us
"Wisdom and Woe" is a philosophy and literature discussion group dedicated to exploring the world, work, life, and times of Herman Melville and the 19th century Romantic movement. We will read and discuss topics related to:
- Works of Herman Melville: Moby-Dick, Clarel, Bartleby the Scrivener, Billy Budd, The Confidence-Man, Mardi, reviews, correspondence, etc.
- Themes and affinities: whales, cannibals, shipwrecks, theodicy, narcissism, exile, freedom, slavery, redemption, democracy, law, orientalism, Zoroastrianism, Gnosticism, psychology, mythology, etc.
- Influences and sources: the Bible, Shakespeare, Hawthorne, Milton, Cervantes, Dante, Emerson, Kant, Plato, Romanticism, Stoicism, etc.
- Legacy and impact: adaptations, derivations, artworks, analysis, criticism, etc.
- And more
The group is free and open to anybody with an interest in learning and growing by "diving deeper" (as Hawthorne once said of his conversations with Melville) into "time and eternity, things of this world and of the next, and books, and publishers, and all possible and impossible matters."
Regarding the name of the group:
"There is a wisdom that is woe; but there is a woe that is madness. And there is a Catskill eagle in some souls that can alike dive down into the blackest gorges, and soar out of them again and become invisible in the sunny spaces."
(Moby-Dick, 96)
"Though wisdom be wedded to woe, though the way thereto is by tears, yet all ends in a shout." (Mardi, 2.79)
"The intensest light of reason and revelation combined, can not shed such blazonings upon the deeper truths in man, as will sometimes proceed from his own profoundest gloom. Utter darkness is then his light.... Wherefore is it, that not to know Gloom and Grief is not to know aught that an heroic man should learn?" (Pierre, 9.3)
"The heart of the wise is in the house of mourning; but the heart of fools is in the house of mirth." (Ecclesiastes 7:4)
Featured event
![[Series] Circuses and Snake Oil](https://secure.meetupstatic.com/photos/event/d/b/9/4/highres_522356212.jpeg)
[Series] Circuses and Snake Oil
NOTE: This page is intended as a thematic overview of the meetups in the series, but is not itself a meetup. To RSVP, please see the individual events as they are announced on the Wisdom and Woe calendar. This page will be updated regularly to reflect changes to the schedule.
Every day, we need to differentiate truth from lies--whether in the news, commercials, or conversation with friends--while hoaxes and hyperbole confound fantasy and reality in all areas of human endeavor. The field of medicine is particularly susceptible to exploitation, contending among theories natural, supernatural, and artificial; where the stakes are life and death, qualitative and quantitative; and an oft-tenuous orthodoxy staggers the line between knowledge and misinformation. In the 19th century, the showy peddlers of traveling medicine shows and traveling circuses were virtually indistinguishable.
And while Melville is best known for his writings on the hunters of whale oil, unduly neglected are his writings on the sellers of snake oil. In fact, Moby-Dick itself opens (and re-opens) with an image of disease, and acknowledges whale oil's medicinal history. It goes on to warn that the entire world (including "you, reader") is prey to usurpation and "fish stories" of all kinds, alleging "tricks of the stage" by sailors, preachers, prophets, and Fate itself. And Ishmael's "soul searching" is both figurative and literal--meditative and medical, psychological and Cetological--where the "objectifying gaze" of the anatomical (whale) theater mingles with deep introspection; while aboard the Pequod, notions of physical and mental health tumble topsy-turvy.
In a world abounding in con-men, carnival barkers, forgers, fraudsters, hoaxers, humbugs, quacks, and chameleons--with motivations fiscal, fanatical, and farcical--where truth sometimes "requires full as much bolstering as error"--this series asks: what can we know and who can we trust? How to heal body, mind, soul, and "madness maddened?"
Schedule:
- Freud and Philosophy - Paul Ricœur - 6/28
- The Melancholy of Resistance - László Krasznahorkai - 7/5, 7/12, 7/19
- [Movie] Werckmeister Harmonies - 7/26
- The Anatomy of Melancholy - Robert Burton - 8/2
- Hamlet - Shakespeare - 8/9
- Bartleby, the Scrivener - Herman Melville - 8/16
- Genoa: A Telling of Wonders - Paul Metcalf - 8/23, 8/30
- [Movie] Freaks - 9/6
- Chang and Eng - Darin Strauss - 9/13
- Religio Medici - Sir Thomas Browne - 9/20
- A Journal of the Plague Year - Daniel Defoe - 9/27, 10/4, 10/11
- The Stark Munro Letters - Sir Arthur Conan Doyle - 10/18, 10/25
- Tales of the Medical Abyss - Edgar Allan Poe - 11/1
- The Adventures of Roderick Random - Tobias Smollett - 11/8, 11/15, 11/29
- [Movie] The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser - 11/22
- The Sorrows of Young Werther - Goethe - 12/6
- Misery and Madness - Herman Melville - 12/13, 12/20
- Hydropathy; Or, The Cold Water Cure - R. T. Claridge - 12/27
- Elsie Venner - Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. - 1/3, 1/10, 1/17
- House Calls - Herman Melville - 1/24
- [Movie] Powder - 1/31
- Something Wicked This Way Comes - Ray Bradbury - 2/7
- [Movie] Take Shelter - 2/14
- The Covenant of Water - Abraham Verghese - 2/21, 2/28, 3/14, 3/28
- [Movie] The Road to Wellville - 3/7
- [Movie] The Elephant Man - 3/21
- The Confidence-Man - Herman Melville - 4/4, 4/11, 4/18
- The Illustrated Man - Ray Bradbury - 4/25, 5/2
- Doctor Dogbody's Leg - James Hall - 5/9, 5/16
- Phenomenology of Perception - Merleau-Ponty - 5/23
- The Autobiography of a Quack and the Case of George Dedlow - S. Weir Mitchell - 5/27 [Thu]
- The Yellow Wallpaper - Charlotte Perkins Gilman - 5/30
- Lincoln's Melancholy - Joshua Shenk - 6/6
- [Movie] Embrace of the Serpent - 6/13
- The River of Doubt: Theodore Roosevelt's Darkest Journey - Candice Millard - 6/20
- [Movie] The Mad Whale - 6/27
- Hard Cash - Charles Reade - 7/4, 7/18, 7/25, 8/1
- [Movie] Suddenly, Last Summer - 7/11
- On the Nonexistence of Monomania - Jean-Pierre Falret - 8/5 [Thu]
- Ten Days in a Mad-House - Nellie Bly - 8/8
- Organon of the Medical Art - Samuel Hahnemann - 8/15
- Moby-Dick - Herman Melville - 8/22, 8/29, 9/5, 9/12, 9/19, 9/26, 10/3, 10/10, 10/17
- [Movie] Moby-Dick - 10/24
- The Circus of Dr. Lao - Charles G. Finney - 10/31
- [Movie] Wings of Desire - 11/7
- The Confessions - Saint Augustine - x1
- The Sickness Unto Death - Kierkegaard - x2
- Confessions of an English Opium-Eater - De Quincy - x1
- Diary of a Madman - Gogol - x1 [Thu]
- Lunar Caustic - Malcolm Lowry - x1
- Notes from the Underground - Dostoevsky - x1
- The Genealogy of Morals - Nietzsche - x1
- [Movie] Bartleby - x1
- The Varieties of Religious Experience - William James - x1
- Maladies of the Will - Jennifer L. Fleissner - x1
- Asylums - Erving Goffman - x2
- [Movie] Persona - x1
- Madness and Civilization - Foucault - x1
- [Movie] The Book of Vision - x1
- Middlemarch - George Eliot - x7?
- [Movie] A Hidden Life - x1
- Struggles and Triumphs - P. T. Barnum - x1
- Human Circus - Herman Melville - x1
- The Apostles - Herman Melville - x1
- [Movie] A Cure for Wellness - x1
- Devil in the White City - Erik Larson - x?
- American Chamber of Horrors - Ruth deForest Lamb - x1
- The Magic Mountain - Thomas Mann - x8
- The Whalebone Theater - Joanna Quinn - x3
- [Movie] Hamlet - x1
- [Movie] Fanny and Alexander - x1?
Extracts:
- "Begone! You are all alike. The name of doctor, the dream of helper, condemns you. For years I have been but a gallipot for you experimentizers to rinse your experiments into, and now, in this livid skin, partake of the nature of my contents. Begone! I hate ye." (The Confidence-Man, 16)
- "But he who dodges hospitals and jails, and walks fast crossing graveyards... not that man is fitted to sit down on tomb-stones, and break the green damp mould with unfathomably wondrous Solomon." (Moby-Dick, 96)
- "What are the Rights of Man and the Liberties of the World but Loose-Fish? What all men’s minds and opinions but Loose-Fish? What is the principle of religious belief in them but a Loose-Fish? What to the ostentatious smuggling verbalists are the thoughts of thinkers but Loose-Fish? What is the great globe itself but a Loose-Fish? And what are you, reader, but a Loose-Fish and a Fast-Fish, too?" (Moby-Dick, 89)
- "... so much trash belonging to the worst school of Bedlam literature..." (1851 review of Moby-Dick)
Upcoming events
5

The Melancholy of Resistance - László Krasznahorkai (week 3)
·OnlineOnlineThe Melancholy of Resistance (László Krasznahorkai, 1998) is a metaphysical satire about a small Hungarian town on the verge of collapse: the winter is bleak and relentless, infrastructure is crumbling, and the streets are crime-ridden. As part of a "movement for moral rearmament," one Mrs. Eszter decides to invite a strange circus into town, whose centerpiece attraction is a gigantic whale carcass.
The approach of the circus prompts paranoid rumors about its sinister (even apocalyptic) purpose. The town unravels into lunacy as the increasingly agitated citizens desperately seek relief from their existential dread--whether through music, cosmology, anarchy, or authoritarianism.
The Melancholy of Resistance is a sweeping, dense work, as desolate and surreal as it is visceral and absorbing. It is notable for its unsettlingly long, monomaniacal sentences--"a slow lava flow of narrative, a vast black river of type"--that go on for pages and that is the trademark of its author. It has been adapted into both a movie and an opera. As in Moby-Dick, the whale is a symbolic vehicle for cosmic concepts in the skirmish between order and chaos, appearance and reality, meaning and nihilism.
The author, László Krasznahorkai, has written over 20 books, 6 screenplays, and is the recipient of the 2025 Nobel Prize for Literature.
Schedule:
- Week 1 (July 5): pages 1 to 97
- Week 2 (July 12): pages 98 "He stopped in the half-life..." to 213
- Week 3 (July 19): pages 214 "Not simply out of this..." to 314
The Melancholy of Resistance:
Supplemental:
- Valuska (2023) opera trailer
- A whale of a tale 1877 display of a dead beluga whale
Extracts:
- “The papers were brought in, and we saw in the Berlin Gazette that whales had been introduced on the stage there.” —Eckermann’s Conversations with Goethe (Moby-Dick, Extracts)
This meetup is part of the series Circuses and Snake Oil.
14 attendees![[Movie] Werckmeister Harmonies](https://secure.meetupstatic.com/photos/event/3/3/1/1/highres_533053073.jpeg)
[Movie] Werckmeister Harmonies
·OnlineOnlineJános Valuska (Lars Rudolph) is a good-natured mailman trying to live a life of simplicity when a mysterious circus--featuring a giant, stuffed whale and an unseen, menacing figure known as "The Prince"--triggers his small Hungarian town's decent into madness.
Werckmeister Harmonies, adapted from The Melancholy of Resistance, is considered a masterpiece of contemporary cinema. The film is characterized by its meditative, black-and-white cinematography, accomplished over 39 long takes (some lasting over 5-6 minutes). It explores philosophical themes of order, chaos, group hysteria, and the breakdown of society.
About the movie:
- Runtime: 2h 25m
- Year: 2000
- Unrated Content advisory
- Starring: Lars Rudolph, Peter Fitz, Hanna Schygulla
- Director: Béla Tarr, Ágnes Hranitzky
- Language: Hungarian with English subtitles
- Trailer: Werckmeister Harmonies
This meetup will consist of a live viewing, accompanied by discussion and analysis.
This meetup is part of the series Circuses and Snake Oil.
19 attendees
The Anatomy of Melancholy - Robert Burton
·OnlineOnlineRobert Burton reportedly wrote "of melancholy, by being busy to avoid melancholy." But he found the condition so persistent, confounding, "irregular, obscure, various, so infinite," that it comes to overwhelm and define the whole human condition. The result is a "labyrinthine, beguiling masterpiece"--an embattled outpouring of medical, religious, literary, and philosophical analysis--and one of the major documents of modern European civilization.
The Anatomy of Melancholy (1621) is premised on the first completely naturalistic theory of disease, humoral theory (credited to Hippocrates), in which illness is presumed to be caused by a disequilibrium of four fluids ("humors") within the body. Treatment proceeded by regulating the fluids via draining, purging, bloodletting, and similar techniques. This remained the prevailing medical paradigm for centuries, including through the Middle Ages, when it was syncretized with supernatural and astrological influences. Today, we still describe temperaments recognizable to Medieval humoral theory: sanguine, phlegmatic, choleric, melancholic, jovial, saturnine, venereal, etc.--including "hypochondria" (or "hypo" for short, literally meaning "under the ribs"), referring to the supposed anatomical locus of (imagination-deranging) black bile.
The book was a favorite of Samuel Johnson, John Keats, and pronounced by Lewellyn Powys to be "the greatest work of prose of the greatest period of English prose-writing." Burton's example established the so-called "anatomy" genre: a "heterogeneous, omnivorous, encyclopedic, rhetorically experimental, stylistically dense form, in which linguistic features--diction, syntax, metaphor--become the vehicle for intellectual inquiry." Much the same method of "careful disorderliness" is pursued in Moby-Dick, famously classified by Northrop Frye as "part anatomy and part romance."
For this meetup, we will read the following selections from The Anatomy of Melancholy:
- Section: 3.4.1.1 "Religious melancholy"
- [through] the end (Section 3.4.2.6, "Cure of Despair by Physic")
The Anatomy of Melancholy:
- Ex-Classics
- Gutenberg
- Amazon (400th anniversary edition)
- Librivox (Volume 3, parts 35-49) 7h 28m
Extracts:
- "And what to me, thus pining for some one who could page me a quotation from Burton on Blue Devils; what to me, indeed, were flat repetitions of long-drawn yarns, and the everlasting stanzas of Black-eyed Susan sung by our full forecastle choir? Staler than stale ale." (Mardi, 1.1)
- "From my window, where I was reading Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy, I saw him in the act." ("Cock-a-Doodle-Doo!")
- "... I can imagine you seated on that dear, delightful, old-fashioned sofa; your head supported by its luxurious padding, and with feet perched aloft on the aspiring back of that straight limbed, stiff-necked, quaint old chair, which, as our facetious W— assured me, was the identical seat in which old Burton composed his Anatomy of Melancholy." ("Fragments from a Writing Desk")
- "... whenever my hypos get such an upper hand of me, that it requires a strong moral principle to prevent me from deliberately stepping into the street, and methodically knocking people's hats off—then, I account it high time to get to sea as soon as I can." (Moby-Dick, 1)
- ".... thou surrenderest to a hypo, Ishmael." (Moby-Dick, 42)
- "... when fathoms down in the sea, you see some sulky whale.... he is only dispirited; out of sorts, perhaps; hypochondriac;" (Moby-Dick, 74)
- "A noble craft, but somehow a most melancholy! All noble things are touched with that." (Moby-Dick, 16)
- "... in ten thousand ways, as if by a malicious agency, we mortals are woefully put out and tormented; and that, too, by things in themselves so exceedingly trivial, that it would seem almost impiety to ascribe them to the august gods. No; there must exist some greatly inferior spirits... and through them it must be, that we are thus grievously annoyed." (Mardi, 1.87)
- "All men are possessed by devils; but as these devils are sent into men, and kept in them... limboed in a bridewell; so, it may be more just to say, that the devils themselves are possessed by men..." (Mardi, 1.104)
- "An operator, ah? he operates, does he? My friend, then, is something like what the Indians call a Great Medicine, is he? He operates, he purges, he drains off the repletions." (Confidence-Man, 36)
- "The 'blood royal' is an extremely thick, depraved fluid; formed principally of raw fish, bad brandy, and European sweetmeats, and is charged with a variety of eruptive humours, which are developed in sundry blotches and pimples upon the august face of 'majesty itself', and the angelic countenances of the 'princes and princesses of the blood royal'!" (Typee, 26)
- "He asked me... how often I had been bled during my life..." (White-Jacket, 77)
- "'I'll bleed him!' cried Johnson at last—'run for a calabash, one of you!'" (Omoo, 50)
This meetup is part of the series Circuses and Snake Oil.
13 attendees
Hamlet - Shakespeare
·OnlineOnlineHamlet (c. 1599) is one of Shakespeare's most famous and performed works, ranking among the greatest literature in the world. It is known for its complex characters and themes of melancholy, madness, morality, science, and the supernatural.
Hamlet, the Prince of Denmark, learns that his uncle, Claudius, has usurped the Danish throne after murdering his father and marrying his mother. He is overrun with an existential anguish of grief and doubt as he contemplates revenge.
Few characters in Western literature have generated as much fascination and critical attention as Hamlet himself. He has been called the founding hero of Western secular consciousness (Harold Bloom); an expression of Oedipal conflict (Freud); "the most amiable of misanthropes" (William Hazlitt); a "marvelous Adam" created by a "divine action" of Shakespeare (Victor Hugo); "a prodigy" equal to "a new law-giver, a revolutionizing philosopher, or the founder of a new religion" (Herman Melville); a "lost soul" "trapped in dialectical conflict" (Hegel); and "the Dionysian man" that has "looked into the essence of things" and "gained knowledge" (Nietzsche).
Hamlet:
Supplemental:
- The Hamlet Podcast 182 episodes
- Shakespeare and the Four Humors interactive exhibition
- Hamlet (1948) movie trailer
- Hamlet (1990) movie trailer
- Hamlet (1996) movie trailer
- Hamlet (2024) movie trailer
- Hamlet (2026) movie trailer
- Hamlet (1993) from Last Action Hero
- Life Lessons from the Great Books lecture by J. Rufus Fears
- Love and Friendship in Hamlet lecture by David Bevington
Extracts:
- "... the Captain made his ceremonious way to the cabin, disappearing behind the scenes, like the pasteboard ghost in Hamlet." (White-Jacket, 39)
- “Very like a whale.” Hamlet. (Moby-Dick, Exracts)
- "For in this plaintive fable we find embodied the Hamletism of the antique world; the Hamletism of three thousand years ago.... And the English Tragedy is but Egyptian Memnon, Montaignized and modernized; for being but a mortal man Shakspeare had his fathers too. Now as the Memnon Statue survives down to this present day, so does that nobly-striving but ever-shipwrecked character in some royal youths (for both Memnon and Hamlet were the sons of kings), of which that statue is the melancholy type." (Pierre, 7.6)
- "Some moments passed, and he found the open Hamlet in his hand, and his eyes met the following lines: “The time is out of joint;—Oh cursed spite, That ever I was born to set it right!” He dropped the too true volume from his hand; his petrifying heart dropped hollowly within him, as a pebble down Carrisbrook well." (Pierre, 9.2)
- "If... the pregnant tragedy of Hamlet convey any one particular moral at all fitted to the ordinary uses of man, it is this:—that all meditation is worthless, unless it prompt to action; ... that in the earliest instant of conviction, the roused man must strike, and, if possible, with the precision and the force of the lightning-bolt...." (Pierre, 9.3)
- "... reading in boyhood the advice of Polonius to Laertes—advice which, in the selfishness it inculcates, is almost on a par with a sort of ballad upon the economies of money-making..." (Confidence-Man, 30)
- "He drules out some stale stuff about 'loan losing both itself and friend,' don't he?" (Confidence-Man, 30)
- "Or, as Hamlet says, were it ‘to consider the thing too curiously?’" (Confidence-Man, 43)
- "True, we sometimes hear of an author who, at one creation, produces some two or three score such characters; it may be possible. But they can hardly be original in the sense that Hamlet is, or Don Quixote, or Milton’s Satan." (Confidence-Man, 44)
- "... the original character... is like a revolving Drummond light, raying away from itself all round it—everything is lit by it, everything starts up to it (mark how it is with Hamlet)" (Confidence-Man, 44)
- "But Shakspeare’s pensive child / Never the lines had lightly scanned, / Steeped in fable, steeped in fate; / The Hamlet in his heart was ’ware, / Such hearts can antedate." ("The Coming Storm")
- "Byron’s storm-cloud away has rolled— / Joined Werter’s; Shelley’s drowned; and—why, / Perverse were now e’en Hamlet’s sigh ... / with speed / Of passion, Clarel turned: “Forbear! / Ah, wherefore not at once name Job, / In whom these Hamlets all conglobe.“" (Clarel, 3.21)
- "Through the mouths of the dark characters of Hamlet, Timon, Lear, and Iago, he craftily says, or sometimes insinuates the things, which we feel to be so terrifically true, that it were all but madness for any good man, in his own proper character, to utter, or even hint of them." ("Hawthorne and His Mosses")
- "And hardly a mortal man, who, at some time or other, has not felt as great thoughts in him as any you will find in Hamlet." ("Hawthorne and His Mosses")
- "Before coming to Lucrino... you see the New Mountain. Curious to see this stranger (parvenue) from the abysses taking his rank among the elderly mountains... Could tell queer stories. 'But that the secrets of his prison house &c.'" (Journals, 23 Feb 1857)
- "If you... should not feel an interest in these three “counterfeit presentments,” do not fail to show them to—" ("Fragments from a Writing Desk No. 1")
- "I have in “my mind’s eye, Horatio,” three..." ("Fragments from a Writing Desk No. 1")
- "as with the reclining majesty of Denmark in his orchard, a sly ear-ache invaded me." ("The Piazza")
- "if the helmsman be a clumsy, careless fellow, or ignorant of his duty, he keeps the ship going about in a melancholy state of indecision" (Redburn, 24)
- "... resolving ere long to give the enemy a touch of certain Yankee steps, as yet undreamed of in their simple philosophy." (Israel Potter, 3)
- ""There's method in his madness," thought the officer to himself." (Israel Potter, 20)
- "Though bodily unharmed, it uttered cries, as some king's ghost in supernatural distress." (Moby-Dick, 42)
- "The Titans, they say, hummed snatches when chipping out the craters for volcanoes; and the grave-digger in the play sings, spade in hand." (Moby-Dick, 127)
This meetup is part of the series Circuses and Snake Oil.
15 attendees
Past events
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